Adult Health (Medical-Surgical) Nursing: Why Patients Walk Hours After Surgery
How the adult body fails and recovers, from electrolytes and lungs to hearts, kidneys, surgery, wounds and cancer care.
Adult Health (Medical-Surgical) Nursing · 50 questions
Try 3 questions
1. Why can drinking an enormous amount of plain water in a short time be dangerous?
- It overloads the stomach until it tears
- It dilutes blood sodium and swells brain cells
- It washes all potassium out of the body
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Answer: It dilutes blood sodium and swells brain cells
Water moves into cells when blood sodium falls, and brain cells swelling inside the skull cause confusion, seizures or worse.
2. A bag of 5 percent dextrose in water starts out roughly isotonic. Why does it end up acting like plain water in the body?
- Dextrose stays inside blood vessels permanently
- Its sugar pulls fluid out of the cells
- The sugar is used up, leaving free water
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Answer: The sugar is used up, leaving free water
Cells take up and burn the glucose, so the remaining water spreads into every fluid compartment, including inside cells.
3. Prolonged vomiting tends to push blood pH in which direction?
- Toward alkalosis, from losing stomach acid
- Neither, since the lungs fix it at once
- Toward acidosis, from losing stomach acid
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Answer: Toward alkalosis, from losing stomach acid
Losing hydrochloric acid leaves excess bicarbonate behind, so the blood becomes more alkaline.
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