Public Policy Analysis: The policy cycle · Stages of the Policy Cycle
The classic stages of policymaking, from agenda setting to evaluation and termination, and why critics say real policy rarely follows them in order.
Try 3 questions
1. Which political scientist is usually credited with the first model dividing policymaking into a sequence of functional stages?
- Max Weber
- Harold Lasswell
- Robert Dahl
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Answer: Harold Lasswell
In the 1950s Lasswell described a 'decision process' of seven functions, from intelligence gathering to appraisal and termination, which inspired later stage models.
2. In the standard policy cycle, which stage comes directly after a problem gets onto the agenda?
- Policy evaluation
- Implementation
- Policy formulation
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Answer: Policy formulation
Once a problem has attention, officials and analysts develop and compare possible courses of action before any decision is taken.
3. Analysts compare a congestion charge, more bus routes and stricter parking limits as ways to cut city traffic. Which stage of the cycle is this?
- Policy evaluation
- Agenda setting
- Policy formulation
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Answer: Policy formulation
Formulation is where alternative solutions are generated, designed and weighed against each other, before anyone formally chooses.
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