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Steel Structures Design: Structural steel properties and sections · Stress-Strain Behavior and Mechanical Properties

How structural steel stretches, yields, hardens and breaks, and which material properties engineers rely on when designing with it.

Steel Structures Design · 30 questions

Try 3 questions

1. What is the approximate modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) of structural steel?

  1. About 200 GPa
  2. About 30 GPa
  3. About 70 GPa
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Answer: About 200 GPa

Structural steel has E of roughly 200 GPa (200,000 MPa); about 70 GPa is aluminum and about 30 GPa is typical of concrete.

2. A beam is swapped for an identical section in a much higher-strength steel. Under the same service load, its elastic deflection will:

  1. Increase because stronger steel is more brittle
  2. Stay essentially the same
  3. Drop roughly in proportion to strength
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Answer: Stay essentially the same

Deflection depends on stiffness (E times I), and E is nearly identical for all structural steels; higher strength raises the load to yield, not the stiffness.

3. On the stress-strain curve of mild steel, what happens along the yield plateau?

  1. Strain grows at nearly constant stress
  2. Stress rises steeply with little strain
  3. The specimen begins to neck and fracture
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Answer: Strain grows at nearly constant stress

After yielding, mild steel stretches many times its elastic strain while the stress stays roughly flat, before strain hardening begins.

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