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Building Construction Technology: Building materials: stone, brick and concrete · Natural Stone

Explains how granite, limestone, marble, sandstone and slate form, why stone works in compression, and how it weathers and is built with.

Building Construction Technology · 24 questions

Try 3 questions

1. Granite is an igneous rock. How did it form?

  1. From magma that cooled slowly underground
  2. From compacted layers of ancient sediment
  3. From limestone altered by heat and pressure
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Answer: From magma that cooled slowly underground

Igneous rocks solidify from molten rock; granite cooled slowly deep in the crust, which is why it is so dense and hard.

2. Why does basalt have tiny crystals while granite has large, visible ones?

  1. Basalt formed underwater, which dissolved its crystals
  2. Basalt cooled quickly, leaving crystals no time to grow
  3. Basalt is much older, so its crystals wore down
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Answer: Basalt cooled quickly, leaving crystals no time to grow

Crystal size reflects cooling rate: lava that erupts and cools fast at the surface gives fine-grained basalt, slow cooling underground gives coarse granite.

3. Marble is a metamorphic rock. What was it before it was transformed?

  1. Sandstone
  2. Granite
  3. Limestone
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Answer: Limestone

Heat and pressure recrystallize limestone (calcium carbonate) into marble, which is why both react to acids the same way.

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