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Epidemiology and Public Health: Measures of Disease Frequency · Incidence and Prevalence

Learn how epidemiologists count disease: incidence, prevalence, person-time, risk and how duration links them.

For learning, not medical advice: for your own health, ask a doctor or another qualified professional.

Epidemiology and Public Health · 28 questions

Try 3 questions

1. What does the prevalence of a disease measure?

  1. Share of a population that has it at a time
  2. Number of new cases arising over a period
  3. Share of patients who eventually die from it
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Answer: Share of a population that has it at a time

Prevalence counts all existing cases, old and new, divided by the population at a given point or period.

2. Which measure counts only new cases of a disease arising in a defined period?

  1. Incidence
  2. Prevalence
  3. Case fatality
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Answer: Incidence

Incidence captures the occurrence of new cases among people who were disease-free at the start, so it reflects the flow of new illness.

3. A new drug keeps patients with an incurable disease alive longer. If incidence is unchanged, what happens to prevalence?

  1. Prevalence stays unchanged
  2. Prevalence falls
  3. Prevalence rises
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Answer: Prevalence rises

Prevalence depends on incidence and duration; living longer with the disease lengthens duration, so more people have it at any moment.

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